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The purpose of this tour is to have students explore some of\nthe locations on or near GSU’s campus in Raymond Andrews’ Once Upon a Time\nin Atlanta and to provide some information about the Sweet Auburn District,\nthe setting for most of the memoir. The tour is not meant to be an official\ntour of the Sweet Auburn District.

Raymond Andrews came to Atlanta in 1949, when he was 15\nyears old, to attend high school and work. While he went to school and worked\noutside of the neighborhood, Andrews lived in Sweet Auburn. This area was often\nconsidered the wealthiest African-American business district in the U.S. for\nmuch of the early to mid-twentieth century. Andrews was here during the area’s heyday.\nSweet Auburn developed after the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot (which we will discuss\nlater in the semester), as black businesses moved out of the more integrated\ndowntown area to avoid growing racial tensions during the rise of the Jim Crow era.\nFor decades, the area was a prosperous foundation for African-American\nbusiness, culture, and leadership. The neighborhood played a significant role\nin the Civil Rights Movement, and is now home to many historic landmarks.

In the late Twentieth Century, the Sweet Auburn District\nfaced many economic hardships after an interstate was built dividing the\nneighborhood, white flight to the suburbs, and the displacement of many\nAfrican-American neighborhoods by Urban Renewal. For the past few decades, the\nneighborhood has often been listed as one of the most endangered historic\nplaces in the country. As GSU grows, our campus has moved increasingly into Sweet\nAuburn. Students should know some of the history of the area.

This tour was put together by Brennan Collins for PERS 2002 at GSU. Parts of the tour were directly taken from the Raymond Andrews map layer on ATLMaps created by Ashley Cheyemi McNeil.

","flat_pages",[],"id",10,"is_geo",true,"link_address","link_text","map_icon","map_overlay","map_type","hybrid","media",[730],"meta_description","The purpose of this tour is to have students explore some of\nthe locations on or near GSU’s campus in Raymond Andrews’ Once Upon a Time\nin Atlanta and to provide some information about the Sweet Auburn District,\nthe setting for most of the memoir. The tour is not meant to be an official\ntour of the Sweet Auburn District. Raymond Andrews came to Atlanta in 1949, when he was 15\nyears old, to attend high school and work. While he went to school and worked\noutside of the neighborhood, Andrews lived in Sweet Auburn. This area was often\nconsidered the wealthiest African-American business district in the U. S. for\nmuch of the early to mid-twentieth century. Andrews was here during the area’s heyday.\nSweet Auburn developed after the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot (which we will discuss\nlater in the semester), as black businesses moved out of the more integrated\ndowntown area to avoid growing racial tensions during the rise of the Jim Crow era.\nFor decades, the area was a prosperous foundation for African-American\nbusiness, culture, and leadership. The neighborhood played a significant role\nin the Civil Rights Movement, and is now home to many historic landmarks. In the late Twentieth Century, the Sweet Auburn District\nfaced many economic hardships after an interstate was built dividing the\nneighborhood, white flight to the suburbs, and the displacement of many\nAfrican-American neighborhoods by Urban Renewal. For the past few decades, the\nneighborhood has often been listed as one of the most endangered historic\nplaces in the country. As GSU grows, our campus has moved increasingly into Sweet\nAuburn. Students should know some of the history of the area. This tour was put together by Brennan Collins for PERS 2002 at GSU. Parts of the tour were directly taken from the Raymond Andrews map layer on ATLMaps created by Ashley Cheyemi McNeil.","mode",{"_35":140,"_73":724},"modes",[719,720,721,722],"open_geographies_endpoint","published","published_on","2026-09-10","read_duration","8 minutes reading","restrict_bounds","restrict_bounds_to_overlay","sanitized_description","splash",{"_73":512,"_131":-5,"_132":718},"slug","slugs",[16],"stop_count",13,"stops",[85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97],"tenant_title","Gsu Walking Tours","title","Once Upon a Time in Atlanta","travel_duration","6 minutes walking","theme",{"_35":83,"_73":84},"type","voice_overs",[],"use_directions",3,"atl",{"_98":667,"_99":24,"_100":-5,"_102":664,"_104":668,"_106":-5,"_31":669,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":664,"_112":563,"_114":670,"_41":-5,"_45":671,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":672,"_64":665,"_65":673,"_62":674,"_73":666,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":675},{"_98":603,"_99":181,"_100":604,"_102":600,"_104":605,"_106":-5,"_31":606,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":600,"_112":607,"_114":608,"_41":-5,"_45":609,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":610,"_64":601,"_65":611,"_62":612,"_73":602,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":613},{"_98":559,"_99":83,"_100":560,"_102":556,"_104":561,"_106":-5,"_31":562,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":556,"_112":563,"_114":564,"_41":-5,"_45":565,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":566,"_64":557,"_65":567,"_62":568,"_73":558,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":569},{"_98":526,"_99":140,"_100":527,"_102":523,"_104":528,"_106":-5,"_31":529,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":523,"_112":530,"_114":531,"_41":-5,"_45":532,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":529,"_64":524,"_65":533,"_62":534,"_73":525,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":535},{"_98":500,"_99":501,"_100":502,"_102":497,"_104":503,"_106":-5,"_31":504,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":497,"_112":505,"_114":506,"_41":-5,"_45":507,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":508,"_64":498,"_65":509,"_62":510,"_73":499,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":511},{"_98":445,"_99":446,"_100":447,"_102":442,"_104":448,"_106":-5,"_31":449,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":442,"_112":450,"_114":451,"_41":-5,"_45":452,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":453,"_64":443,"_65":454,"_62":455,"_73":444,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":456},{"_98":398,"_99":399,"_100":400,"_102":396,"_104":401,"_106":-5,"_31":402,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":396,"_112":403,"_114":404,"_41":-5,"_45":405,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":406,"_64":18,"_65":407,"_62":408,"_73":397,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":409},{"_98":363,"_99":364,"_100":365,"_102":360,"_104":366,"_106":-5,"_31":367,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":360,"_112":368,"_114":369,"_41":-5,"_45":370,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":371,"_64":361,"_65":372,"_62":373,"_73":362,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":374},{"_98":314,"_99":315,"_100":316,"_102":311,"_104":317,"_106":-5,"_31":318,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":311,"_112":319,"_114":320,"_41":-5,"_45":321,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":322,"_64":312,"_65":323,"_62":324,"_73":313,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":325},{"_98":267,"_99":36,"_100":268,"_102":264,"_104":269,"_106":-5,"_31":270,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":264,"_112":271,"_114":272,"_41":-5,"_45":273,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":274,"_64":265,"_65":275,"_62":276,"_73":266,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":277},{"_98":242,"_99":243,"_100":244,"_102":239,"_104":245,"_106":-5,"_31":246,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":239,"_112":247,"_114":248,"_41":-5,"_45":249,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":250,"_64":240,"_65":251,"_62":252,"_73":241,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":253},{"_98":205,"_99":206,"_100":207,"_102":202,"_104":208,"_106":-5,"_31":209,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":202,"_112":210,"_114":211,"_41":-5,"_45":212,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":209,"_64":203,"_65":213,"_62":214,"_73":204,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":215},{"_98":-5,"_99":68,"_100":101,"_102":103,"_104":105,"_106":-5,"_31":107,"_108":-5,"_109":-5,"_110":111,"_35":103,"_112":113,"_114":115,"_41":-5,"_45":116,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":121,"_64":122,"_65":123,"_62":124,"_73":125,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":129},"next","position","previous",{"_35":202,"_64":203,"_73":204},"relation_id",119,"address","101 Jackson St NE, Atlanta, GA 30312, USA","article_link","

Andrews' first Atlanta church he attended was on Christmas day 1949 at Ebenezer Baptist, which was \"pastored at the time by a Reverend Martin Luther King, Sr.\" (62).

Across Auburn from Ebenezer is the MLK, Jr. National Historic Park. If you continue on Auburn Avenue, you will pass King's tomb, and a couple blocks further his birth home.

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If you continue on Auburn Avenue, you will pass King's tomb, and a couple blocks further his birth home.","ebenezer-baptist-church-and-the-mlk-national-historic-park-district",[134,122],{"_73":130,"_131":-5,"_132":133},"Ebenezer Baptist Church and the MLK National Historic Park District","stop","video_embed","video_poster",[],"C0C5F783-9FCF-4E7E-9BA1-16E69E53941A_1_105_c.jpeg","caption","url","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/65aeoveo2nf8g1bxbnxt59udh668?variant=desktop","untitled",{"_102":191,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":193,"_147":194,"_35":195,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":193,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":130,"_159":-5},{"_102":180,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":182,"_147":183,"_35":184,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":182,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":185,"_159":-5},{"_102":170,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":171,"_147":172,"_35":173,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":171,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":174,"_159":-5},{"_102":139,"_99":140,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":146,"_147":148,"_35":149,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":146,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":158,"_159":-5},253,4,"desktop_width",1500,"embed","embed_id","filename","16015129816.jpeg","files",{"_160":161,"_162":163,"_164":165,"_166":167,"_168":169},265,"lqip_width","mobile_width",300,"original_image","provider","keiner","tablet_width",750,"6294EED6-4E6C-468E-8EE7-E3226DBA5018_1_105_c.jpeg","video","original","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/n6x71a9zhk0k6ppxxlcz928fll7f","mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/n6x71a9zhk0k6ppxxlcz928fll7f?variant=mobile","tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/n6x71a9zhk0k6ppxxlcz928fll7f?variant=tablet","desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/n6x71a9zhk0k6ppxxlcz928fll7f?variant=desktop","lqip","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/n6x71a9zhk0k6ppxxlcz928fll7f?variant=lqip",252,"16015129674.jpeg",{"_160":175,"_162":176,"_164":177,"_166":178,"_168":179},264,"D1F4FFF6-D41B-426C-B750-47535605B0F9_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/a40mhiin18ts2g9otgho7fzc4a5r","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/a40mhiin18ts2g9otgho7fzc4a5r?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/a40mhiin18ts2g9otgho7fzc4a5r?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/a40mhiin18ts2g9otgho7fzc4a5r?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/a40mhiin18ts2g9otgho7fzc4a5r?variant=lqip",251,2,"16015129547.jpeg",{"_160":186,"_162":187,"_164":188,"_166":189,"_168":190},263,"1DD16591-43E5-453B-B3FD-629C02965795_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/33emrixshlyso0ufvsggbcu10xxz","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/33emrixshlyso0ufvsggbcu10xxz?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/33emrixshlyso0ufvsggbcu10xxz?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/33emrixshlyso0ufvsggbcu10xxz?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/33emrixshlyso0ufvsggbcu10xxz?variant=lqip",250,1125,"16015129470.jpeg",{"_160":198,"_162":199,"_164":200,"_166":133,"_168":201},262,225,563,"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/65aeoveo2nf8g1bxbnxt59udh668","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/65aeoveo2nf8g1bxbnxt59udh668?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/65aeoveo2nf8g1bxbnxt59udh668?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/65aeoveo2nf8g1bxbnxt59udh668?variant=lqip",118,"wheat-street-baptist-church","Wheat Street Baptist Church",{"_35":103,"_64":122,"_73":125},12,{"_35":239,"_64":240,"_73":241},"359 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30312, USA","Andrews explains that \"perhaps The Avenue's, and among much of the Eastside's, and Atlanta's, black middle class, most popular church was Wheat Street Baptist. . . . 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Walker",{"_35":202,"_64":203,"_73":204},11,{"_35":264,"_64":265,"_73":266},"56 Hilliard St NE, Atlanta, GA 30312, USA","

The yellow building on the corner of Auburn and Hilliard is the Prince Hall Masonic Temple, an African-American fraternal organization that was headed by John Wesley Dobbs for several decades. Two of the businesses the Prince Hall Masonic Temple once housed were WERD and a Madam C.J. Walker salon. A museum celebrating these 2 African-American businesses is on the Hilliard Street side of the building.

WERD was the first African-American owned radio station in the U.S. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave sermons and speeches from the station. Andrews mentions WERD in his memoir, “the music of the hour was Rhythm and Blues, R&B (sold on discs known in the white world as ‘race records’), earlier day ‘Soul.’ The all-colored radio station on The Avenue, ‘The Good’ WERD, carried these sounds much of the day and night” (155).

Madam C.J. Walker created a line of beauty products for African-American women and became one of the first black millionaires. Originally based in Pittsburgh, Walker trained hairdressers who opened salons in many cities.

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As you come out from under the Downtown Connector, you will see a blue mural on a building on the left side of the street. The mural depicts Maynard Jackson and John Wesley Dobbs.

Maynard Jackson was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1973. He was the first African-American mayor of a major city in the U.S. South. His grandfather, John Wesley Dobbs, was often considered the \"unofficial mayor\" of Auburn Avenue and popularized the term \"Sweet Auburn\" for the district. Much of his work focused on increasing African-American voting rights. His accomplishments in this area led to the hiring of Atlanta's first black police officers in 1948, only a year before Andrews came to the city and admired seeing Strickland, one of these first officers.

The mask sculpture on the other side of the Avenue is of Dobbs, and is titled Through His Eyes. Built in 1996 during the Atlanta Olympics, the sculpture is meant to proudly gaze on a thriving business district.

",33.7553692,-84.37780764,[280,281,282],"As you come out from under the Downtown Connector, you will see a blue mural on a building on the left side of the street. The mural depicts Maynard Jackson and John Wesley Dobbs. Maynard Jackson was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1973. He was the first African-American mayor of a major city in the U. S. South. His grandfather, John Wesley Dobbs, was often considered the \"unofficial mayor\" of Auburn Avenue and popularized the term \"Sweet Auburn\" for the district. Much of his work focused on increasing African-American voting rights. His accomplishments in this area led to the hiring of Atlanta's first black police officers in 1948, only a year before Andrews came to the city and admired seeing Strickland, one of these first officers. The mask sculpture on the other side of the Avenue is of Dobbs, and is titled Through His Eyes. Built in 1996 during the Atlanta Olympics, the sculpture is meant to proudly gaze on a thriving business district.",[134,265],{"_73":278,"_131":-5,"_132":279},[],"8275DA09-D74F-48BB-89B9-BE4BBAC3D148_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/pwr8be1pcq0lohmczlbxlk6mxan8?variant=desktop",{"_102":303,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":304,"_147":305,"_35":306,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":304,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":278,"_159":-5},{"_102":293,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":294,"_147":295,"_35":296,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":294,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":297,"_159":-5},{"_102":283,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":284,"_147":285,"_35":286,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":284,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":287,"_159":-5},246,"16015100654.jpeg",{"_160":288,"_162":289,"_164":290,"_166":291,"_168":292},258,"FF19640B-8155-43D4-A634-C0956D85F4E4_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e19r5rx020ycl1ha0moql0hk44x5","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e19r5rx020ycl1ha0moql0hk44x5?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e19r5rx020ycl1ha0moql0hk44x5?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e19r5rx020ycl1ha0moql0hk44x5?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e19r5rx020ycl1ha0moql0hk44x5?variant=lqip",245,"16015100552.jpeg",{"_160":298,"_162":299,"_164":300,"_166":301,"_168":302},257,"75A2B153-F2A9-484F-9A8C-D41BF707978A_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/4zb7zo1drbixh9fxreuvgd5jl9ib","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/4zb7zo1drbixh9fxreuvgd5jl9ib?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/4zb7zo1drbixh9fxreuvgd5jl9ib?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/4zb7zo1drbixh9fxreuvgd5jl9ib?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/4zb7zo1drbixh9fxreuvgd5jl9ib?variant=lqip",244,"16015100329.jpeg",{"_160":307,"_162":308,"_164":309,"_166":279,"_168":310},256,"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/pwr8be1pcq0lohmczlbxlk6mxan8","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/pwr8be1pcq0lohmczlbxlk6mxan8?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/pwr8be1pcq0lohmczlbxlk6mxan8?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/pwr8be1pcq0lohmczlbxlk6mxan8?variant=lqip",116,"downtown-connector-and-endangered-historic-areas","Downtown Connector and Endangered Historic Areas",{"_35":264,"_64":265,"_73":266},9,{"_35":360,"_64":361,"_73":362},"260 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

Before you go under Interstates 75/85, notice the building on the left. The structure caught on fire the weekend before I was giving a similar tour for students in 2019. As the intro to the tour suggests, the Sweet Auburn District has often been on most endangered historic places lists for several decades. Due to often racist federal and local urban planning decisions, along with other reasons, the area has been economically underserved for a long time. This has led to many buildings in the area falling into disrepair.

The Downtown Connector is 2 Interstates that go through the city of Atlanta. Built in the 1950s, the interstates divided Sweet Auburn in half not long after Andrews left the city. Looking at old maps of Atlanta, you can see how the interstate system devastated many Atlanta neighborhoods. They also paved the way for white flight, allowing middle class whites to use federally-backed loans to purchase houses in the suburbs, leading to the economic decline of much of the city.

",33.75564126,-84.37903073,[330,331,332],"Before you go under Interstates 75/85, notice the building on the left. The structure caught on fire the weekend before I was giving a similar tour for students in 2019. As the intro to the tour suggests, the Sweet Auburn District has often been on most endangered historic places lists for several decades. Due to often racist federal and local urban planning decisions, along with other reasons, the area has been economically underserved for a long time. This has led to many buildings in the area falling into disrepair. The Downtown Connector is 2 Interstates that go through the city of Atlanta. Built in the 1950s, the interstates divided Sweet Auburn in half not long after Andrews left the city. Looking at old maps of Atlanta, you can see how the interstate system devastated many Atlanta neighborhoods. They also paved the way for white flight, allowing middle class whites to use federally-backed loans to purchase houses in the suburbs, leading to the economic decline of much of the city.",[134,328,329,312],{"_73":326,"_131":-5,"_132":327},[],"10A60FF3-4941-43C4-AD70-53E9D675A626_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/tc7hlzopom72iloyiodp83uizmo8?variant=desktop","downtown-connector","downtown-connector-and-most-endangered-historic-areas",{"_102":353,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":354,"_147":355,"_35":139,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":354,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":326,"_159":-5},{"_102":343,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":344,"_147":345,"_35":346,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":344,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":347,"_159":-5},{"_102":333,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":334,"_147":335,"_35":336,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":334,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":337,"_159":-5},243,"16014998369.jpeg",{"_160":338,"_162":339,"_164":340,"_166":341,"_168":342},255,"6823EE4D-2638-418B-A5F1-AE0275C2EFDD_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9cqfuhkrj7iogh1giqx5wy8qkkdm","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9cqfuhkrj7iogh1giqx5wy8qkkdm?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9cqfuhkrj7iogh1giqx5wy8qkkdm?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9cqfuhkrj7iogh1giqx5wy8qkkdm?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9cqfuhkrj7iogh1giqx5wy8qkkdm?variant=lqip",242,"16014998259.jpeg",{"_160":348,"_162":349,"_164":350,"_166":351,"_168":352},254,"191DBC7E-F756-4CF1-B2DA-880DAD2F6450_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/60mikkl0h4ssybsixcfizqkh1zbo","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/60mikkl0h4ssybsixcfizqkh1zbo?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/60mikkl0h4ssybsixcfizqkh1zbo?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/60mikkl0h4ssybsixcfizqkh1zbo?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/60mikkl0h4ssybsixcfizqkh1zbo?variant=lqip",241,"16014998140.jpeg",{"_160":356,"_162":357,"_164":358,"_166":327,"_168":359},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/tc7hlzopom72iloyiodp83uizmo8","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/tc7hlzopom72iloyiodp83uizmo8?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/tc7hlzopom72iloyiodp83uizmo8?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/tc7hlzopom72iloyiodp83uizmo8?variant=lqip",114,"the-royal-theatre-odd-fellows-building-and-auditorium","The Royal Theatre (Odd Fellows Building and Auditorium)",{"_35":311,"_64":312,"_73":313},8,{"_35":396,"_64":18,"_73":397},"234 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

“The theatre, the Royal, was just around the corner from the Y and just a door or two down from Yates and Milton Drugs . . . But what I remembered more than the main feature was the newsreel. An all-colored (Negro) newsreel. I never knew such existed. Around the previous Thanksgiving the dancer, Bill Robinson (‘Bojangles’), had died . . . and this particular newsreel opened showing his funeral in Harlem, New York City, where the parade route and church were overflowing with people . . . Yet what I remember most of all about sitting there in the orchestra of the Royal that night was not the screen itself, but listening to the people laugh as loud and as long as they wanted to without a white owner’s head popping through the door to shush them” (31).

The Grand United Order of the Odd Fellows was a British fraternal organization with an African-American branch in the U.S. The building was constructed in 1912 and housed many African-American businesses, including the Royal Theatre.

Click here for a post from a GSU student about the Odd Fellows Building.

",33.7556368,-84.37984075,[378,379],"“The theatre, the Royal, was just around the corner from the Y and just a door or two down from Yates and Milton Drugs . . . But what I remembered more than the main feature was the newsreel. An all-colored (Negro) newsreel. I never knew such existed. Around the previous Thanksgiving the dancer, Bill Robinson (‘Bojangles’), had died . . . and this particular newsreel opened showing his funeral in Harlem, New York City, where the parade route and church were overflowing with people . . . Yet what I remember most of all about sitting there in the orchestra of the Royal that night was not the screen itself, but listening to the people laugh as loud and as long as they wanted to without a white owner’s head popping through the door to shush them” (31).The Grand United Order of the Odd Fellows was a British fraternal organization with an African-American branch in the U. S. The building was constructed in 1912 and housed many African-American businesses, including the Royal Theatre. Click here for a post from a GSU student about the Odd Fellows Building.",[134,377,361],{"_73":375,"_131":-5,"_132":376},[],"1C543C59-6116-4183-AE70-9D8C41569321_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/cmzyfah967qc1cdins64f9ggjwog?variant=desktop","the-royal-theatre-odd-fellows-building",{"_102":389,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":390,"_147":391,"_35":221,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":390,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":375,"_159":-5},{"_102":380,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":381,"_147":382,"_35":191,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":381,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":383,"_159":-5},238,"16014973797.jpeg",{"_160":384,"_162":385,"_164":386,"_166":387,"_168":388},"B59B3546-2D01-4DF2-9EB4-CA06696F4A45_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/ds9xenan7swhma28l448zhbud6ip","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/ds9xenan7swhma28l448zhbud6ip?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/ds9xenan7swhma28l448zhbud6ip?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/ds9xenan7swhma28l448zhbud6ip?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/ds9xenan7swhma28l448zhbud6ip?variant=lqip",237,"16014973121.jpeg",{"_160":392,"_162":393,"_164":394,"_166":376,"_168":395},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/cmzyfah967qc1cdins64f9ggjwog","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/cmzyfah967qc1cdins64f9ggjwog?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/cmzyfah967qc1cdins64f9ggjwog?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/cmzyfah967qc1cdins64f9ggjwog?variant=lqip",113,"The Gold Dust Twins and Savoy Hotel",{"_35":360,"_64":361,"_73":362},7,{"_35":442,"_64":443,"_73":444},"229 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

As you turn right on Auburn, walk past the brick building on the corner and then look at the left side of the structure. You will find a slowly disappearing racist ad for Gold Dust Washing Powder from the early 20th century. The Chicago-based company used these 2 minstrel figures in their national campaign to sell cleaning products with the slogan \"Let the Gold Dust Twins do your Work.\" The ad was uncovered in 2008 when a tornado destroyed the building that had covered it up since 1926. While the ad would have been covered during Andrews' time in Atlanta, advertisements using racist stereotypes have been quite common until very recently.

Click here for more information on the history of this ad billboard.

Andrews mentions the Savoy Hotel was in the Herndon Building that was destroyed by the tornado: “On weekends, especially Saturday nights, the Savoy, its front facing Auburn Avenue, did a brisk business. Some of these nights business got so brisk with males and females checking into the hotel for one night--or one hour only--that oftentimes in taking their ‘quick naps’ these guests in such a hurry to get to dreamland would forget to pull down the window shades” (85).

",33.75538704,-84.37999096,[413,414,415],"As you turn right on Auburn, walk past the brick building on the corner and then look at the left side of the structure. You will find a slowly disappearing racist ad for Gold Dust Washing Powder from the early 20th century. The Chicago-based company used these 2 minstrel figures in their national campaign to sell cleaning products with the slogan \"Let the Gold Dust Twins do your Work.\" The ad was uncovered in 2008 when a tornado destroyed the building that had covered it up since 1926. While the ad would have been covered during Andrews' time in Atlanta, advertisements using racist stereotypes have been quite common until very recently. Click here for more information on the history of this ad billboard. Andrews mentions the Savoy Hotel was in the Herndon Building that was destroyed by the tornado: “On weekends, especially Saturday nights, the Savoy, its front facing Auburn Avenue, did a brisk business. Some of these nights business got so brisk with males and females checking into the hotel for one night--or one hour only--that oftentimes in taking their ‘quick naps’ these guests in such a hurry to get to dreamland would forget to pull down the window shades” (85).",[134,412,18],{"_73":410,"_131":-5,"_132":411},[],"Screen Shot 2020-09-30 at 2.05.38 PM.png","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/kh08jsxv5dddmbgo5dljfwbjuqut?variant=desktop","the-gold-dust-twins",{"_102":435,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":436,"_147":437,"_35":231,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":436,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":410,"_159":-5},{"_102":425,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":426,"_147":427,"_35":428,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":426,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":429,"_159":-5},{"_102":416,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":417,"_147":418,"_35":180,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":417,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":419,"_159":-5},239,"16014976910.jpeg",{"_160":420,"_162":421,"_164":422,"_166":423,"_168":424},"HerndonBuilding.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/fi5yh5xdt77bof4yajlzlo3zvu1u","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/fi5yh5xdt77bof4yajlzlo3zvu1u?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/fi5yh5xdt77bof4yajlzlo3zvu1u?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/fi5yh5xdt77bof4yajlzlo3zvu1u?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/fi5yh5xdt77bof4yajlzlo3zvu1u?variant=lqip",236,"16014895864.jpeg",{"_160":430,"_162":431,"_164":432,"_166":433,"_168":434},248,"E070D65D-1A4F-47B5-A4D6-E721A9A385F7_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/3jqgq6sod8wztwkq03gar1ht9vkt","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/3jqgq6sod8wztwkq03gar1ht9vkt?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/3jqgq6sod8wztwkq03gar1ht9vkt?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/3jqgq6sod8wztwkq03gar1ht9vkt?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/3jqgq6sod8wztwkq03gar1ht9vkt?variant=lqip",235,"16014895383.png",{"_160":438,"_162":439,"_164":440,"_166":411,"_168":441},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/kh08jsxv5dddmbgo5dljfwbjuqut","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/kh08jsxv5dddmbgo5dljfwbjuqut?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/kh08jsxv5dddmbgo5dljfwbjuqut?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/kh08jsxv5dddmbgo5dljfwbjuqut?variant=lqip",112,"butler-street-ymca","Butler Street YMCA",{"_35":396,"_64":18,"_73":397},6,{"_35":497,"_64":498,"_73":499},"24 Jesse Hill Jr Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

Once Andrews arrived in Atlanta, he caught a ride to the Butler Street YMCA he had been told about back home: “the man turned off Auburn Avenue onto Butler Street and rather than putting me out at the jailhouse, dropped me off about middle of the block right in front of the YMCA. Thanking the man, I got out of the truck and stood on the sidewalk in front of the YMCA staring up at it . . . It happened more than once that someone from some small Georgia town would migrate to Atlanta and discover the Butler Street Y, return home and spread the word, or 'preach the gospel,' about it, The Avenue, and the city to his peers. Thus forming an underground railroad, or 'Greyhound Highway,' from that specific town to the Butler Street Y” (17, 62). The Butler Street Y became a sort of safe haven for big city opportunities for many rural-born, young, black men.

Andrews explains that “It was at the Y that I saw my first black policeman. Strickland . . . I saw him, often in uniform as he, along with the rest of Atlanta’s black policemen, daily dressed for duty here in the basement of the building where they kept their lockers because they were not allowed to dress . . . in the same dressing room with the white policemen (85). Additionally, Andrews notes, the black policemen of Atlanta were only permitted to arrest black citizens. “And, man, some of these black policemen were said to be mean mothers on the black” (85).

If you continued on Jesse Hill to Edgewood Avenue, you will find the Sweet Auburn Curb Market, where you can shop for fresh vegetables and fruits or eat at one of the many great restaurants.

Returning back to Auburn, pause at the giant John Lewis mural and consider the role that public art plays in telling the story of Atlanta.

",33.75504807,-84.3804523,[459,460,461,462],"Once Andrews arrived in Atlanta, he caught a ride to the Butler Street YMCA he had been told about back home: “the man turned off Auburn Avenue onto Butler Street and rather than putting me out at the jailhouse, dropped me off about middle of the block right in front of the YMCA. Thanking the man, I got out of the truck and stood on the sidewalk in front of the YMCA staring up at it . . . It happened more than once that someone from some small Georgia town would migrate to Atlanta and discover the Butler Street Y, return home and spread the word, or 'preach the gospel,' about it, The Avenue, and the city to his peers. Thus forming an underground railroad, or 'Greyhound Highway,' from that specific town to the Butler Street Y” (17, 62). The Butler Street Y became a sort of safe haven for big city opportunities for many rural-born, young, black men. Andrews explains that “It was at the Y that I saw my first black policeman. Strickland . . . I saw him, often in uniform as he, along with the rest of Atlanta’s black policemen, daily dressed for duty here in the basement of the building where they kept their lockers because they were not allowed to dress . . . in the same dressing room with the white policemen (85). Additionally, Andrews notes, the black policemen of Atlanta were only permitted to arrest black citizens. “And, man, some of these black policemen were said to be mean mothers on the black” (85).If you continued on Jesse Hill to Edgewood Avenue, you will find the Sweet Auburn Curb Market, where you can shop for fresh vegetables and fruits or eat at one of the many great restaurants. Returning back to Auburn, pause at the giant John Lewis mural and consider the role that public art plays in telling the story of Atlanta.",[134,443],{"_73":457,"_131":-5,"_132":458},[],"F0F29FC9-30D8-425C-AB23-FDD84DC89D23_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/746usshrp1om25tipl0mf9xqtn28?variant=desktop",{"_102":490,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":491,"_147":492,"_35":333,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":491,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":457,"_159":-5},{"_102":481,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":482,"_147":483,"_35":303,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":482,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":484,"_159":-5},{"_102":472,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":473,"_147":474,"_35":293,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":473,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":475,"_159":-5},{"_102":463,"_99":140,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":464,"_147":465,"_35":283,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":464,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":466,"_159":-5},234,"16014886234.jpeg",{"_160":467,"_162":468,"_164":469,"_166":470,"_168":471},"F940A0D9-0765-4340-9B88-EEB8EC7CEEB3_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/wztt72i8akll5ye5cevz2k58x2gd","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/wztt72i8akll5ye5cevz2k58x2gd?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/wztt72i8akll5ye5cevz2k58x2gd?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/wztt72i8akll5ye5cevz2k58x2gd?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/wztt72i8akll5ye5cevz2k58x2gd?variant=lqip",233,"16014886150.jpeg",{"_160":476,"_162":477,"_164":478,"_166":479,"_168":480},"9A5DF554-084E-46A2-A55A-0E4141D9B7DC_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/l5t491d9d47prws4n73sqfkqkdyo","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/l5t491d9d47prws4n73sqfkqkdyo?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/l5t491d9d47prws4n73sqfkqkdyo?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/l5t491d9d47prws4n73sqfkqkdyo?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/l5t491d9d47prws4n73sqfkqkdyo?variant=lqip",232,"16014885916.jpeg",{"_160":485,"_162":486,"_164":487,"_166":488,"_168":489},"5A111BCF-AB96-4C80-A90B-8DC1604F3CD2_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/15bar49u5g9pamwsazp7aiaypyu1","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/15bar49u5g9pamwsazp7aiaypyu1?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/15bar49u5g9pamwsazp7aiaypyu1?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/15bar49u5g9pamwsazp7aiaypyu1?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/15bar49u5g9pamwsazp7aiaypyu1?variant=lqip",231,"16014885524.jpeg",{"_160":493,"_162":494,"_164":495,"_166":458,"_168":496},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/746usshrp1om25tipl0mf9xqtn28","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/746usshrp1om25tipl0mf9xqtn28?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/746usshrp1om25tipl0mf9xqtn28?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/746usshrp1om25tipl0mf9xqtn28?variant=lqip",111,"big-bethel-a-m-e-church","Big Bethel A.M.E. Church",{"_35":442,"_64":443,"_73":444},5,{"_35":523,"_64":524,"_73":525},"220 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

According to Andrews, \"the Avenue's most recognizable-on-sight church at the time was the tall, solidly built structure with the huge cross lighting up its top, Big Bethel A.M.E.\" (62). This is the cross where Steve, from the Ray and Steve daredevil and possibly criminal duo, \"would balance himself on one (fore)finger\" (74).

Bethel is the oldest congregation on Auburn Avenue, and the first public school for African Americans was founded in the basement.

",33.7557219,-84.3805299,[515],"According to Andrews, \"the Avenue's most recognizable-on-sight church at the time was the tall, solidly built structure with the huge cross lighting up its top, Big Bethel A. M.E.\" (62). This is the cross where Steve, from the Ray and Steve daredevil and possibly criminal duo, \"would balance himself on one (fore)finger\" (74).Bethel is the oldest congregation on Auburn Avenue, and the first public school for African Americans was founded in the basement.",[134,514,498],{"_73":512,"_131":-5,"_132":513},[],"6DF5AA73-A636-47D8-9BA3-0C39C641FB42_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e9an9km2wvc2o8e64k94j0jyasmo?variant=desktop","big-bethel-ame-church",{"_102":516,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":517,"_147":518,"_35":343,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":517,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":512,"_159":-5},230,"16014871206.jpeg",{"_160":519,"_162":520,"_164":521,"_166":513,"_168":522},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e9an9km2wvc2o8e64k94j0jyasmo","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e9an9km2wvc2o8e64k94j0jyasmo?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e9an9km2wvc2o8e64k94j0jyasmo?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/e9an9km2wvc2o8e64k94j0jyasmo?variant=lqip",110,"the-royal-peacock","The Royal Peacock",{"_35":497,"_64":498,"_73":499},{"_35":556,"_64":557,"_73":558},"186 auburn avenue","Atlanta had many music venues. “Some, for example, were the Royal Peacock and, just across the street on the next corner of The Avenue, The Poinciana . . . The Peacock was undoubtedly the best known of Atlanta’s colored night clubs but The Poinciana was practically ‘The Prince of the Blues,’ home of Atlanta’s top bluesman, Billy Wright (156). Andrews reflects the genealogy of blues music here, noting that Billy Soul preceded Little Richard and James Brown (156).",33.7557949,-84.3815974,[538,539],[134,524],{"_73":536,"_131":-5,"_132":537},[],"06BC50CF-1F3D-4BCF-A8A0-E5F9174FC871_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/2e61kn4u7r9t4p10rm3y8wi34cbx?variant=desktop",{"_102":549,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":550,"_147":551,"_35":257,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":550,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":536,"_159":-5},{"_102":540,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":541,"_147":542,"_35":353,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":541,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":543,"_159":-5},229,"16014849219.jpeg",{"_160":544,"_162":545,"_164":546,"_166":547,"_168":548},"6F482D12-89F0-4209-9BBC-5B88B0DF0CBE_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/nv3bjg56p8x2yyulq6a5ux9u4y30","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/nv3bjg56p8x2yyulq6a5ux9u4y30?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/nv3bjg56p8x2yyulq6a5ux9u4y30?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/nv3bjg56p8x2yyulq6a5ux9u4y30?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/nv3bjg56p8x2yyulq6a5ux9u4y30?variant=lqip",228,"16014849071.jpeg",{"_160":552,"_162":553,"_164":554,"_166":537,"_168":555},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/2e61kn4u7r9t4p10rm3y8wi34cbx","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/2e61kn4u7r9t4p10rm3y8wi34cbx?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/2e61kn4u7r9t4p10rm3y8wi34cbx?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/2e61kn4u7r9t4p10rm3y8wi34cbx?variant=lqip",109,"atlanta-daily-world-and-the-apex-museum","Atlanta Daily World and the APEX Museum",{"_35":523,"_64":524,"_73":525},{"_35":600,"_64":601,"_73":602},"141 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

The Atlanta Daily World, “the local black paper . . . whose office was straight down from the Y and a couple of doors off Butler on The Avenue” (79), along with the Atlanta Constitution and the Atlanta Journal were the major daily newspapers that Andrews followed in Atlanta. The paper was founded in 1928 during a time when most white-owned papers did little reporting on African-American communities. Click here for more information.

Andrews also mentions a tavern on the corner of Auburn and Piedmont frequented by Enoch, a handyman at Aidmore Hospital; Andrews would listen to Enoch and his friend talk about baseball and the Negro Major Leagues (75-76).

The Apex Museum, opened well after Andrews left Atlanta, has exhibits celebrating African-American history and culture.

Across the street were the original offices of the Atlanta Life Insurance Company. The images are a part of the Windows Speak project, which celebrates people important to the history of the company.

",33.7554807,-84.38290384,[573,574,575],"The Atlanta Daily World, “the local black paper . . . whose office was straight down from the Y and a couple of doors off Butler on The Avenue” (79), along with the Atlanta Constitution and the Atlanta Journal were the major daily newspapers that Andrews followed in Atlanta. The paper was founded in 1928 during a time when most white-owned papers did little reporting on African-American communities. Click here for more information. Andrews also mentions a tavern on the corner of Auburn and Piedmont frequented by Enoch, a handyman at Aidmore Hospital; Andrews would listen to Enoch and his friend talk about baseball and the Negro Major Leagues (75-76).The Apex Museum, opened well after Andrews left Atlanta, has exhibits celebrating African-American history and culture. Across the street were the original offices of the Atlanta Life Insurance Company. The images are a part of the Windows Speak project, which celebrates people important to the history of the company.",[134,572,557],{"_73":570,"_131":-5,"_132":571},[],"F2767781-F931-4145-95E4-1A251F21CA54_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/rpvr3j7vespa9o802l1wq2uo1g45?variant=desktop","1601482103394",{"_102":196,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":594,"_147":595,"_35":389,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":594,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":570,"_159":-5},{"_102":585,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":586,"_147":587,"_35":380,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":586,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":588,"_159":-5},{"_102":576,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":577,"_147":578,"_35":416,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":577,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":579,"_159":-5},227,"16014822452.jpeg",{"_160":580,"_162":581,"_164":582,"_166":583,"_168":584},"8BE02BF3-8E9F-4382-842F-E4409DB55FE1_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/w9uqg1othiylz1cfgdz5xjlfgwgh","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/w9uqg1othiylz1cfgdz5xjlfgwgh?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/w9uqg1othiylz1cfgdz5xjlfgwgh?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/w9uqg1othiylz1cfgdz5xjlfgwgh?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/w9uqg1othiylz1cfgdz5xjlfgwgh?variant=lqip",226,"16014822192.jpeg",{"_160":589,"_162":590,"_164":591,"_166":592,"_168":593},"9B1EE676-807F-46F5-80AB-3510409C2A32_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/88ec6gjxxsepgmqq3r2ssakgg436","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/88ec6gjxxsepgmqq3r2ssakgg436?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/88ec6gjxxsepgmqq3r2ssakgg436?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/88ec6gjxxsepgmqq3r2ssakgg436?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/88ec6gjxxsepgmqq3r2ssakgg436?variant=lqip","16014822018.jpeg",{"_160":596,"_162":597,"_164":598,"_166":571,"_168":599},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/rpvr3j7vespa9o802l1wq2uo1g45","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/rpvr3j7vespa9o802l1wq2uo1g45?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/rpvr3j7vespa9o802l1wq2uo1g45?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/rpvr3j7vespa9o802l1wq2uo1g45?variant=lqip",108,"the-atlanta-life-insurance-company-and-georgia-state-university","The Atlanta Life Insurance Company and Georgia State University",{"_35":556,"_64":557,"_73":558},{"_35":664,"_64":665,"_73":666},"Auburn Ave @ Courtland St, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA","

Throughout his memoir, Andrews mentions some of the prominent Atlanta businesses on Sweet Auburn. One of the most significant in the development of the district was the Atlanta Life Insurance Company, established by Alonzo Herndon. Born under slavery, Herndon moved to Atlanta in the late 1800s and became the owner of a prominent barbershop downtown. In the early 1900s, he started the Atlanta Life Insurance Company, eventually becoming Atlanta's first black millionaire. Herndon supported local business and cultural institutions and was involved in national business and political organizations led by national figures Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois. While he passed away well before Andrews arrived to Atlanta, his company and legacy continued to play a role on Auburn Avenue long after Andrews left the area. Herndon's son, Norris, continued to support local cultural, religious, and educational institutions in Atlanta and was a major funder of the Civil Rights Movement. Click here for more information on Alonzo Herndon.

GSU's Centennial Hall is in the last Atlanta Life Insurance Building on Auburn Avenue. Purchased by the University in 2012, the structure was built in 1980. Earlier Atlanta Life Insurance buildings are next door.

Across the Avenue from Centennial Hall is the Auburn Avenue Research Library on African-American Culture and History, part of the Atlanta-Fulton County Library System.

",33.75567248,-84.38403573,[616,617,618,619,620],"Throughout his memoir, Andrews mentions some of the prominent Atlanta businesses on Sweet Auburn. One of the most significant in the development of the district was the Atlanta Life Insurance Company, established by Alonzo Herndon. Born under slavery, Herndon moved to Atlanta in the late 1800s and became the owner of a prominent barbershop downtown. In the early 1900s, he started the Atlanta Life Insurance Company, eventually becoming Atlanta's first black millionaire. Herndon supported local business and cultural institutions and was involved in national business and political organizations led by national figures Booker T. Washington and W. E.B. DuBois. While he passed away well before Andrews arrived to Atlanta, his company and legacy continued to play a role on Auburn Avenue long after Andrews left the area. Herndon's son, Norris, continued to support local cultural, religious, and educational institutions in Atlanta and was a major funder of the Civil Rights Movement. Click here for more information on Alonzo Herndon. GSU's Centennial Hall is in the last Atlanta Life Insurance Building on Auburn Avenue. Purchased by the University in 2012, the structure was built in 1980. Earlier Atlanta Life Insurance buildings are next door. Across the Avenue from Centennial Hall is the Auburn Avenue Research Library on African-American Culture and History, part of the Atlanta-Fulton County Library System.",[134,601],{"_73":614,"_131":-5,"_132":615},[],"1C07C1B1-CF39-49D4-8B83-E6682902BBD5_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/61913edzwfkj7uzqrksol0yy5xnk?variant=desktop",{"_102":657,"_99":24,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":658,"_147":659,"_35":463,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":658,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":614,"_159":-5},{"_102":648,"_99":181,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":649,"_147":650,"_35":481,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":649,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":651,"_159":-5},{"_102":639,"_99":83,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":640,"_147":641,"_35":472,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":640,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":642,"_159":-5},{"_102":630,"_99":140,"_131":-5,"_141":142,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":631,"_147":632,"_35":435,"_150":-5,"_151":152,"_153":631,"_154":155,"_156":157,"_73":633,"_159":-5},{"_102":621,"_99":501,"_131":-5,"_141":192,"_143":-5,"_144":-5,"_145":622,"_147":623,"_35":425,"_150":-5,"_151":196,"_153":622,"_154":155,"_156":197,"_73":624,"_159":-5},224,"16014722615.jpeg",{"_160":625,"_162":626,"_164":627,"_166":628,"_168":629},"C04248CF-31CF-474E-8938-4F3EAC4A6699_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/09cpcfir1strlc8aichf1b7mcjxn","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/09cpcfir1strlc8aichf1b7mcjxn?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/09cpcfir1strlc8aichf1b7mcjxn?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/09cpcfir1strlc8aichf1b7mcjxn?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/09cpcfir1strlc8aichf1b7mcjxn?variant=lqip",223,"16014722503.jpeg",{"_160":634,"_162":635,"_164":636,"_166":637,"_168":638},"76630150-CD5E-4E12-B400-F4903257FBE7_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/z6emzmaatxja4l16bnvflne6f1zp","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/z6emzmaatxja4l16bnvflne6f1zp?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/z6emzmaatxja4l16bnvflne6f1zp?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/z6emzmaatxja4l16bnvflne6f1zp?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/z6emzmaatxja4l16bnvflne6f1zp?variant=lqip",221,"16014722229.jpeg",{"_160":643,"_162":644,"_164":645,"_166":646,"_168":647},"C8D2E463-2288-4FB4-B4B7-93EBCA0F13E0_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9pixsky26k1slm4qtfh0iogxbq02","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9pixsky26k1slm4qtfh0iogxbq02?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9pixsky26k1slm4qtfh0iogxbq02?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9pixsky26k1slm4qtfh0iogxbq02?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/9pixsky26k1slm4qtfh0iogxbq02?variant=lqip",220,"16014722134.jpeg",{"_160":652,"_162":653,"_164":654,"_166":655,"_168":656},"595697A2-4DBA-4A48-8021-41286B3061DA_1_105_c.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/6c2i6ggmgt5j2tjsdd1rxpdtl2ts","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/6c2i6ggmgt5j2tjsdd1rxpdtl2ts?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/6c2i6ggmgt5j2tjsdd1rxpdtl2ts?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/6c2i6ggmgt5j2tjsdd1rxpdtl2ts?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/6c2i6ggmgt5j2tjsdd1rxpdtl2ts?variant=lqip",222,"16014722396.jpeg",{"_160":660,"_162":661,"_164":662,"_166":615,"_168":663},"https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/61913edzwfkj7uzqrksol0yy5xnk","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/61913edzwfkj7uzqrksol0yy5xnk?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/61913edzwfkj7uzqrksol0yy5xnk?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/gsu-walking-tours/v4/public/media/61913edzwfkj7uzqrksol0yy5xnk?variant=lqip",107,"sweet-auburn-intro","Sweet Auburn Intro",{"_35":600,"_64":601,"_73":602},"63 Auburn Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA","

Early on in his memoir, Andrews depicts Auburn Avenue as the economic and cultural center of black Atlanta. Noting that most of the businesses located on “The Avenue” were owned by black people, Andrews sees a new level of racial freedom and pride than what he ever experienced in rural Georgia: “Later, we walked down Auburn Avenue where even more proudly Harvey began pointing out to me all the colored-owned establishments on, and just off, The Avenue . . . Down here within short distance of the Y were the insurance companies, Atlanta Life and North Carolina Mututal; the Citizens Trust Bank; the Atlanta Daily World daily newspaper; ‘The Good’ WERD radio station; the nightclubs, the Royal Peacock (formerly The Top Hat), the Poincaina and the AmVets; two hotels, the Royal and the Savoy; a doctors’ office building; several rooming houses; Blake’s Business and Apex Beauty colleges; Yates and Milton Drugstore; lawyers’ offices; Big Bethel A.M.E., Wheat Street and Ebenezer Baptist Churches.

When Raymond Andrews came to Atlanta in 1949, Sweet Auburn was a well-established and thriving business district. As you begin the tour, you should consider how the area developed over time as African Americans came to Atlanta after the Civil War seeking opportunity. As these signs explain, Atlanta developed strong African-American businesses, religious institutions, schools, and political leadership that eventually converged on Auburn Avenue. We often think of the Civil Rights Movement as happening shortly after Andrews came to Atlanta and lasting through the 1960s. As you explore this area that was crucial to the Civil Rights Movement, it's important to recognize that the fight for equal rights started well before Andrews came to Atlanta and continues today.

Throughout the tour, stop and take a look at some of the signs and plaques that explain some of the history of the area. Many of these are quite new. Also think about how art plays a role in recognizing and interpreting the historical significance of the district.

",-84.38511934,[680,681,682,683],"Early on in his memoir, Andrews depicts Auburn Avenue as the economic and cultural center of black Atlanta. Noting that most of the businesses located on “The Avenue” were owned by black people, Andrews sees a new level of racial freedom and pride than what he ever experienced in rural Georgia: “Later, we walked down Auburn Avenue where even more proudly Harvey began pointing out to me all the colored-owned establishments on, and just off, The Avenue . . . Down here within short distance of the Y were the insurance companies, Atlanta Life and North Carolina Mututal; the Citizens Trust Bank; the Atlanta Daily World daily newspaper; ‘The Good’ WERD radio station; the nightclubs, the Royal Peacock (formerly The Top Hat), the Poincaina and the AmVets; two hotels, the Royal and the Savoy; a doctors’ office building; several rooming houses; Blake’s Business and Apex Beauty colleges; Yates and Milton Drugstore; lawyers’ offices; Big Bethel A. M.E., Wheat Street and Ebenezer Baptist Churches. When Raymond Andrews came to Atlanta in 1949, Sweet Auburn was a well-established and thriving business district. As you begin the tour, you should consider how the area developed over time as African Americans came to Atlanta after the Civil War seeking opportunity. As these signs explain, Atlanta developed strong African-American businesses, religious institutions, schools, and political leadership that eventually converged on Auburn Avenue. We often think of the Civil Rights Movement as happening shortly after Andrews came to Atlanta and lasting through the 1960s. As you explore this area that was crucial to the Civil Rights Movement, it's important to recognize that the fight for equal rights started well before Andrews came to Atlanta and continues today. Throughout the tour, stop and take a look at some of the signs and plaques that explain some of the history of the area. Many of these are quite new. Also think about how art plays a role in recognizing and interpreting the historical significance of the 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